January
| 07 | The Japanese Meiji dynasty is restored and the Shogunate is abolished (1868) Died: Empress Gemmei (722) |
| 09 | Born: Empress Meisho (1624, died 1696) |
| 11 | Born: Emperor Go-En’yu (1359, died 1393) Born: Emperor Komyo (1322, died 1380) |
| 16 | Died: Emperor Higashiyama (1710, born 1675) |
| 18 | Born: Emperor Daigo (885, died 930) |
| 26 | Born: Emperor Go-Nara (1497, died 1557) |
| 30 | Died: Emperor Komei (1867, born 1831) Died: Emperor Takakura (1181, born 1161) |
| 31 | Died: Emperor Suko (1398, born 1334) |
February
| 03 | Prince Mutsuhito, 14, becomes Emperor Meiji of Japan (1867) |
| 05 | Born: Emperor Sanjo (976) |
| 07 | Died: Emperor Go-Suzako (1045, born 1009) |
| 10 | Died: Emperor Shijo of Japan (1242, born 1231) |
| 11 | Traditional founding date of Japan by Emperor Jimmu (660 BC) |
| 21 | Died: Emperor Ninko of Japan (1846, born 1800) |
| 23 | Born: Emperor Naruhito (1960) |
| 24 | Born: Emperor Toba (1103, died 1156) |
March
| 06 | Born: Princess Tsuguko (1986) Born: Empress Nagako (1903, died 2000) |
| 09 | Born: Emperor Go-Nijo (1285, died 1318) |
| 12 | Died: Emperor Go-Kogon (1374, born 1336) |
| 16 | Born: Emperor Ninko (1800, died 1846) |
| 17 | Died: Emperor Go-Saga (1272, born 1220) Born: Emperor Shijo (1231, died 1252) |
| 22 | Born: Emperor Go-Horikawa (1212, died 1234) |
| 28 | Died: Emperor Go-Toba (1239, born 1180) |
| 29 | Died: Emperor Go-Murakami (1368, born 1328) |
April
| 01 | Born: Emperor Go-Saga (1220, died 1270) |
| 05 | Born: Emperor Go-Fushimi (1288, died 1336) |
| 10 | Married: Emperor Akihito and Michiko Shoda (1959) |
| 13 | Died: Prince Asaka Yasuhiko (1981, born 1887) |
| 14 | Born: Emperor Go-Kogon (1336, died 1374) |
| 17 | Born: Emperor Jomei (593, died 641) |
| 18 | Born: Princess Nori (Sayako) – (1969) |
| 19 | Death of Empress Shoken, wife of the Meiji Emperor (1914) |
| 20 | Born: Emperor Go-Komyo (1633, died 1654) |
| 21 | Died: Empress Gensho (748, born 680) |
| 25 | Died: Emperor Antoku (1185, born 1178) |
| 26 | Died: Emperor Go-Shirakawa (1192, born 1127) |
| 30 | Born: Emperor Hirohito (1901, died 1989) |
May
| 02 | Died: Emperor Shomu (756, born 701) |
| 10 | Died: Emperor Nakamikado (1737, born 1702) Died: Emperor Go-Kameyama (1424) Born: Emperor Fushimi (1265, died 1317) |
| 15 | Died: Emperor Go-Ichijo (1036, born 1008) |
| 22 | Died: Emperor Go-Reizei (1068, born 1025) |
| 25 | Born: Emperor Suko (1334, died 1398) Died: Emperor Murakami (967, born 926) |
June
| 02 | Born: Emperor Murakami (926, died 967) |
| 05 | Died: Emperor Sanjo (1017, born 976) |
| 06 | Died: Emperor Go-En’yu (1393, born 1359) |
| 09 | Married: Emperor Naruhito and Masako Owada (1993) |
| 15 | Died: Emperor Go-Sanjõ (1073, born 1034) |
| 16 | Born: Emperor Konoe (1139, died 1155) |
| 18 | Born: Emperor Ogimachi (1517, died 1593) Died: Emperor Chukyo (1234, born 1218) |
| 19 | Born: Prince Morikuni (1301, died 1333) |
| 28 | Born: Emperor Go-Fukakusa (1243, died 1304) |
| 29 | Married: Prince Akishino (Fumihito) and Kiko Kwashima (1990) Born: Emperor Go-Mizunoo (1596, died 1680) |
July
| 03 | Born: Emperor Go-Tsuchimikado (1442, died 1500) |
| 07 | Born: Emperor Sutoku (1119, died 1164) Born: Emperor Shirakawa (1053, died 1129) |
| 09 | Born: Emperor Reigen (1654, died 1732) Born: Emperor Kameyama (1249, died 1305) |
| 10 | Born: Tottori Hisako, wife of Prince Takamado (1943) Born: Emperor Go-Hanazono (1419, died 1471) |
| 20 | Died: Emperor Toba (1156, born 1103) |
| 21 | Born: Princess Noriko (1988) |
| 24 | Died: Emperor Shirakawa (1129, born 1053) |
| 26 | Died: Emperor Komyo (1380, born 1322) |
| 30 | Died: The Meiji Emperor, succeeded by Crown Prince Yoshihito as Emperor Taisho (1912) |
| 31 | Born: Emperor Nijo (1143, died 1165) |
August
| 01 | Born: Emperor Go-Komatsu (1377, died 1433) Born: Emperor Kogon (1313, died 1364) |
| 06 | Born: Emperor Go-Toba (1180, died 1239) |
| 07 | Dïed: Emperor Yüruaku (479) |
| 08 | Born: Emperor Horikawa (1079, died 1107) |
| 09 | Died: Emperor Horikawa (1107, born 1079) |
| 10 | Japan announces willingness to surrender to Allies provided status of Emperor Hirohito remained unchanged (1945) |
| 11 | Allies refuse Japan’s surrender offer to retain Emperor Hirohito (1945) |
| 14 | Born: Emperor Hanazono (1297) Taira no Munemori and the Taira clan take the young Emperor Antoku and the Three Sacred Treasures and flee to Western Japan to escape pursuit by the Minamoto clan. (1183) |
| 17 | Died: Emperor Go-Fukakusa (1304, born 1243) |
| 22 | Died: Emperor Konoe (1155, born 1139) |
| 23 | Died: Emperor Rokujo (1176, born 1164) |
| 28 | Born: Emperor Go-Reizei of Japan (1025) |
| 29 | Emperor Meiji orders the abolition of the han system and the establishment of prefectures as local centers of administration (1871) |
| 30 | Died: Emperor Shoko of Japan (1428) |
| 31 | Died: Emperor Go-Horikawa (1234, born 1212) |
September
| 02 | Married: Emperor Meiji and Lady Haruka, Empress Shoken (1867) Died: Prince Munetaka, Japanese shogun (1274) |
| 03 | Born: Emperor Go-Sanjo (1034, died 1073) |
| 06 | Born: Prince Hisahito, son of Prince Akishino & Princess Kiko (2006) |
| 10 | Died: Emperor Go-Nijo (1308, born 1285) |
| 11 | Born: Princess Kiko, wife of Prince Akishino (1966) Died: Emperor Go-Mizunoo (1680, born 1596) |
| 15 | Born: Princess Ayako (1990) |
| 19 | Died: Emperor Go-Daigo (1339, born 1288) |
| 23 | Born: Emperor Kokaku (1771) Born: Empress Go-Sakuramachi (1740) Born: Emperor Takakura (1161, died 1181) |
| 24 | Died: Emperor Reigen (1732) |
| 25 | Died: Emperor Go-Yozei (1617) Died: Prince Morikuni, Japanese shogun (1333 |
| 27 | Died: Emperor Go-Nara (1557) |
October
| 04 | Died: Emperor Kameyama (1305) |
| 12 | Born: Emperor Go-Ichijo (1008) |
| 18 | Born: Emperor Go-Shirakawa (1127) |
| 20 | Born: Michiko Shoda, wife of Emperor Akihito (1934) |
| 21 | Born: Emperor Higashiyama (1675) |
| 23 | Born: Princess Mako, first child of Prince Akishino (1991) Born: Emperor Daigo (930) |
| 25 | Born: Princess Yôko (1983) |
| 26 | Died: Prince Hirobumi Ito, Japanese governor of Korea – assassinated (1909) |
| 27 | Died: Prince Mikasa (Takihito), brother of the late Emperor Hirohito (2016) |
| 29 | Married: Princess Ayako (of Takamado) and Kei Moriya (2018) |
| 30 | Died: Emperor Go-Komyo (1654) |
November
| 03 | Emperor Hirohito proclaims new Japanese constitution (1946) Born: Prince Mutsuhito, the future Meiji Emperor (1852) |
| 12 | Crown Prince Akihito is formally installed as Emperor Akihito (1990) |
| 15 | Married: Princess Sayako and Yoshiki Kuroda (2005) |
| 16 | Died: Prince Hisaaki, 8th Kamakura shogun of Japan (1328) |
| 18 | Born: Emperor Konin (709) |
| 25 | Died: Prince Koreyasu, 7th Kamakura shogun (1326) |
| 28 | Born: Prince Hitachi, younger brother of Emperor Akihito (1935) |
| 30 | Born: Prince Akishino (Fumito), second son of Empress Michiko and Emperor Akihito (1965) |
December
| 01 | Born: Princess Aiko, only child of Emperor Naruhito & Empress Masako (2001) Emperor Hirohito signs declaration of war (1941) |
| 02 | Born: Prince Mikasa (Takihito), brother of the late Emperor Hirohito (1915) |
| 09 | Born: Empress Masako, wife of Emperor Naruhito (1963) |
| 14 | Born: Emperor Go-Suzaku (1009) |
| 15 | Born: Prince Munetaka, Japanese Shogun (1242) |
| 16 | Emperor Go-Kameyama abdicates in favor of rival claimant Go-Komatsu, ending the nanboku-cho period of competing imperial courts (1392) |
| 17 | The reign of Emperor Go-Yozei, the 107th imperial ruler of Japan begins (1586) Born: Emperor Go-Udo (1267) |
| 20 | Born: Princess Akiko (1981) |
| 23 | Born: Emperor Akihito (1933) |
| 24 | Died: Empress Go-Sakuramachi (1813) |
| 25 | Hirohito becomes Emperor of Japan (1926) |
| 28 | The reign of Emperor Hanazono begins (1308) |
| 29 | Born: Princess Kako, 2nd daughter of Prince Akishino (1994) |
| 31 | Born: Emperor Go-Yozei (1572) |